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Oropharyngeal cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the oropharynx, which is the part of the throat at the back of the mouth. It includes the base of the tongue, soft palate, tonsils, and the walls of the throat.

Oropharyngeal cancer is often caused by chronic infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly type 16. Other risk factors include tobacco and alcohol use, a diet low in fruits and vegetables, and a weakened immune system.